CHONDRICHTHYES: SHARKS
CLASSIFICATON:
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
SubPhylum Vertebrata
Class Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish)
Subclass Plagiostomi
Superorder Selachimorpha
Subclass Elasmobranchii
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
SubPhylum Vertebrata
Class Chondrichthyes (cartilaginous fish)
Subclass Plagiostomi
Superorder Selachimorpha
Subclass Elasmobranchii
MORPHOLOGY:
Bilateral symmetry.
Sharks have a cartilage only skeleton. They have a large oily liver, and gill slits but no gill cover.
They also have rouch, sandpaper-like skin. Most sharks have a mouth located on the underside of their snout. Sharks usually have an overall torpedo-shaped body that allow them to swim through the water with very little friction.
Bilateral symmetry.
Sharks have a cartilage only skeleton. They have a large oily liver, and gill slits but no gill cover.
They also have rouch, sandpaper-like skin. Most sharks have a mouth located on the underside of their snout. Sharks usually have an overall torpedo-shaped body that allow them to swim through the water with very little friction.
BIOLOGY:
Over time, sharks have adapted to survive in different ways. One way is how they use their body for camoflauge. The top of a sharks body is darker than the bottem so that if they are being viewed from the top, their dark skin blends with the ocean water, and if they are being viewed from the bottem, the light color of their skin blends with the sun. Another way sharks have adapted is in its mouth. When a shark looses a tooth, a new one comes right in. This adpation works as a conveyor belt. one falls out, and a new one is right behind it to replace it.
Over time, sharks have adapted to survive in different ways. One way is how they use their body for camoflauge. The top of a sharks body is darker than the bottem so that if they are being viewed from the top, their dark skin blends with the ocean water, and if they are being viewed from the bottem, the light color of their skin blends with the sun. Another way sharks have adapted is in its mouth. When a shark looses a tooth, a new one comes right in. This adpation works as a conveyor belt. one falls out, and a new one is right behind it to replace it.
Below is a map indicating where sharks are most commonly found world wide:
IMPORTANCE:
Ecological- Sharks keep food webs in balance, keep prey populations healthy, keep sea grass beds and other habitats healthy, and overall keeps the entire marine eco system in balance.
Economical- Sharks are worth more alive than dead! Divers rate sharks as one of the most important views on a dive. Because of this, sharks bring millions of dollars in ecotourism revenue to costal communities that can provide both protection for sharks and added sustainable tourism infrastructure.
Ecological- Sharks keep food webs in balance, keep prey populations healthy, keep sea grass beds and other habitats healthy, and overall keeps the entire marine eco system in balance.
Economical- Sharks are worth more alive than dead! Divers rate sharks as one of the most important views on a dive. Because of this, sharks bring millions of dollars in ecotourism revenue to costal communities that can provide both protection for sharks and added sustainable tourism infrastructure.
FACTS:
1. The first sharks lived over 400 million years ago.
2. Because sharks very rarely get cancer, scientists study their cartilage in the hopes of finding a cure for the disease.
3. Hammerhead sharks’ heads are soft at birth so they won’t jam the mothers’ birth canals.
4. When a shark eats food that it can’t digest (like a turtle shell or tin can), it can vomit by thrusting its stomach out its mouth then pulling it back in.
5. The first pup to hatch inside the sand tiger shark mother devours its brothers and sisters until there are only two pups left, one on each side of the womb. This form of cannibalism is called oophagy.
6. Sharks do not have a single bone in their bodies
1. The first sharks lived over 400 million years ago.
2. Because sharks very rarely get cancer, scientists study their cartilage in the hopes of finding a cure for the disease.
3. Hammerhead sharks’ heads are soft at birth so they won’t jam the mothers’ birth canals.
4. When a shark eats food that it can’t digest (like a turtle shell or tin can), it can vomit by thrusting its stomach out its mouth then pulling it back in.
5. The first pup to hatch inside the sand tiger shark mother devours its brothers and sisters until there are only two pups left, one on each side of the womb. This form of cannibalism is called oophagy.
6. Sharks do not have a single bone in their bodies
VOCABULARY:
1. Shark- any of numerous elongate mostly marine carnivorous fishes with heterocercal caudal fins and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales.
2. Lateral line- sense organs of fish and amphibians; believed to detect pressure changes in the water.
3. Ampullae of Lorenzini- Jelly filled canals that can detect electrical and magnetic fields; used to help locate prey.
4. Ovipariouis- lay an egg case (mermaids purse)
5. Ovoviviparious- egg develops inside female.
6. viviparious- live bearers
1. Shark- any of numerous elongate mostly marine carnivorous fishes with heterocercal caudal fins and tough skin covered with small toothlike scales.
2. Lateral line- sense organs of fish and amphibians; believed to detect pressure changes in the water.
3. Ampullae of Lorenzini- Jelly filled canals that can detect electrical and magnetic fields; used to help locate prey.
4. Ovipariouis- lay an egg case (mermaids purse)
5. Ovoviviparious- egg develops inside female.
6. viviparious- live bearers
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RESOURCES:
1. p://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/lateral%20line#word=lateral%20line
2. http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/sharks/
3. http://www.defenders.org/sharks/basic-facts
1. p://www.vocabulary.com/dictionary/lateral%20line#word=lateral%20line
2. http://animals.nationalgeographic.com/animals/sharks/
3. http://www.defenders.org/sharks/basic-facts
OSTEICHTHYES: PINEAPPLE FISH
CLASSIFICATION:
Species:gloriamaris
Genus:Cleidopus
Family:Monocentridae
Order:Beryciformes
Class:Actinopterygii
Subphylum:Vertebrata
Phylum:Chordata
Kingdom:Animalia
Common Name: Pineapplefish
Species:gloriamaris
Genus:Cleidopus
Family:Monocentridae
Order:Beryciformes
Class:Actinopterygii
Subphylum:Vertebrata
Phylum:Chordata
Kingdom:Animalia
Common Name: Pineapplefish
MORPHOLOGY:
Symmetry: Bilateral
Structure/ Appearance: Dorsalspines (total): 5 - 7; Dorsalsoft rays (total): 12; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 11 - 12. Scale modified as armor of bony scutes; pale yellow to whitish with conspicuous black outlines on scales forming a network pattern; a pale luminescent organ on the side of lower jaw.
Symmetry: Bilateral
Structure/ Appearance: Dorsalspines (total): 5 - 7; Dorsalsoft rays (total): 12; Analspines: 0; Analsoft rays: 11 - 12. Scale modified as armor of bony scutes; pale yellow to whitish with conspicuous black outlines on scales forming a network pattern; a pale luminescent organ on the side of lower jaw.
BIOLOGY:
The pineapple fish's nocturnal habits and its tendency to remove itself from the presence of any intruders into its environment have kept it from becoming a threatened or endangered species. Also, their thick, heavy scales make the pineapple fish a relatively poor swimmer which contributes to the fact that they primarily reside in areas that are difficult for predators to access.
The pineapple fish's nocturnal habits and its tendency to remove itself from the presence of any intruders into its environment have kept it from becoming a threatened or endangered species. Also, their thick, heavy scales make the pineapple fish a relatively poor swimmer which contributes to the fact that they primarily reside in areas that are difficult for predators to access.
Pineapple Fish distrubution map:The species is recorded from the east and west coasts of Australia, but not from Victoria and South Australia.
The map below shows the Australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in Australian Museums.
The map below shows the Australian distribution of the species based on public sightings and specimens in Australian Museums.
IMPORTANCE:
Ecological- The pineapple fish does not contribute a lot ecologically. It's a fish that keeps to itself, and feeds on bacteria only during night time.
Economical- Pineapple fish aren't caught and sold for food, and they aren't a real known fish so tourist aren't interested in visiting a place to see them, so again, pineapple fish don't play a big impacting role in the economy.
Ecological- The pineapple fish does not contribute a lot ecologically. It's a fish that keeps to itself, and feeds on bacteria only during night time.
Economical- Pineapple fish aren't caught and sold for food, and they aren't a real known fish so tourist aren't interested in visiting a place to see them, so again, pineapple fish don't play a big impacting role in the economy.
FACTS:
1. It is the sole member of its genus.
2. It is also known as the knightfish or the coat-of-mail fish, due to the armor-like scales covering its body.
3. Grows up to 22 cm (8.7 in) long.
4. The scales of the pineapplefish are yellow to whitish with black rear margins.
5. Due to its small fins and rigid armor, the pineapplefish is a weak swimmer.
6. This species has lived up to 10 years in captivity.
1. It is the sole member of its genus.
2. It is also known as the knightfish or the coat-of-mail fish, due to the armor-like scales covering its body.
3. Grows up to 22 cm (8.7 in) long.
4. The scales of the pineapplefish are yellow to whitish with black rear margins.
5. Due to its small fins and rigid armor, the pineapplefish is a weak swimmer.
6. This species has lived up to 10 years in captivity.
VOCABULARY:
1. Pineapplefish- Cleidopus gloriamaris
2. A photophore- a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine animals.
3. Paired pelvic or ventral fins- are typically located ventrally below and behind the pectoral fins.
4. Anal fin- located on the ventral surface behind the anus. This fin is used to stabilize the fish while swimming.
5. Dorsal Fins-located on the back. A fish can have up to three dorsal fins. The dorsal fins serve to protect the fish against rolling, and assist it in sudden turns and stops.
1. Pineapplefish- Cleidopus gloriamaris
2. A photophore- a light-emitting organ which appears as luminous spots on various marine animals.
3. Paired pelvic or ventral fins- are typically located ventrally below and behind the pectoral fins.
4. Anal fin- located on the ventral surface behind the anus. This fin is used to stabilize the fish while swimming.
5. Dorsal Fins-located on the back. A fish can have up to three dorsal fins. The dorsal fins serve to protect the fish against rolling, and assist it in sudden turns and stops.
RESOURCES:
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapplefish
2. http://www.daveharasti.com/articles/speciesspotlight/pineapplefish.htm
3. http://thewebsiteofeverything.com/animals/fish/Beryciformes/Monocentridae/Cleidopus-gloriamaris
1. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pineapplefish
2. http://www.daveharasti.com/articles/speciesspotlight/pineapplefish.htm
3. http://thewebsiteofeverything.com/animals/fish/Beryciformes/Monocentridae/Cleidopus-gloriamaris